Before becoming a tourist spot with several museums, restaurants, and establishments offering Manila accommodation, Intramuros was once known as the City of Churches. And it is not surprising, as the colonial-era fortress city once had 7 churches. Here are 5 of the 7 churches and their history. 1. San Agustin Church San Agustin Church is the oldest surviving church in the Philippines. First completed in 1607, the church has withstood numerous earthquakes and the bombardment of Manila in World War II that destroyed the 7 other churches inside the walled city. Many notable persons are also interred here, such as the remains of Spanish conquistador Miguel Lopez de Legazpi and Filipino painter Juan Luna. It is now recognized as a UNESCO World Heritage Site as one of the 4 Baroque Churches of the Philippines, which boasts of well-decorated interiors with an ornate trompe-l'oeil ceiling. 2. Manila Cathedral Built in 1571 as the Church of Manila, it was destroyed and rebuilt seven times throughout its history, with the present-day cathedral constructed finished only in 1958. Despite modern touches to its interior, the present design of the Manila Cathedral is faithful to its original form. It still features the only part of the original cathedral that survived the bombing of Manila in World War II — a facade made of Roman travertine stone. With a Latin-cross plan and floors made of Italian marble, the 3,000-square-foot cathedral is accented by Byzantine motifs and pineapple finials. 3. San Ignacio Church Originally built in 1632, the San Ignacio Church was destroyed by an earthquake in 1852 and rebuilt in 1888. However, it was never rebuilt again after the Japanese burned it down in 1945, during World War II. All that's left of the building are ruins, which are presently found next to the campus of the Pamantasang Lungsod ng Maynila (PLM), a state-run university. 4. Lourdes Church and Convent Constructed in 1892, it was the first home of the Capuchin friars in the Philippines before it was destroyed in World War II. Today, the remains of the structure have been incorporated into the El Amanecer building, which houses several commercial establishments like gift shops and Ilustrado, a fine-dining restaurant popular with guests booked at the best Manila accommodation. 5. San Francisco Church and Third Venerable Order Chapel Managed by the Franciscans, the original San Francisco Church was built in 1602 but was heavily damaged in the 1645 earthquake. It was then rebuilt from 1739 to 1750, but like the Lourdes and San Ignacio Churches, it was destroyed during World War II. The church was destroyed along with the Third Venerable Order Chapel beside it, which was built in 1618. The site of the San Francisco Church is now the campus of the Mapua Institute of Technology, with the school's own chapel standing on the former site of the Third Venerable Order Chapel. It is located on Muralla Street, near The Bayleaf Hotel, which offers elegant and affordable Manila accommodations.
